Liquid-fuel burner



May 27 1924. 1,495,227

F. A. HIGGINS LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed Jan. 19. 1923 Patented May 27, 1924.

UNITED ASTATES PATENT oFFi-CE.

FRANIKA, HIGGINS, 0F BELLEVUE, OHIO.

LIQUID-FUEL BURNER.

Applicationled January 19, 1923.. Serial No. 613,761.`

To all whom it may concern.' 2

Be it known that I, FRANK A. HIGGINS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bellevue, inthe county of Sandusky and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Liquid-Fuel Burners, of which the following is a specifi-y cation. 4

My invention relates to improvements 1n liquid fuel burners, and more Vpartlcularly to that class or type which are especially4 designed and ladapted for vaporizlng a liquid fuel, such as common kerosene or socalled coal-Oil.

The primary object is to provide a generally improved burner of the type or class indicated which will be exceedinglyl simple headand `air inlet or mixer opening in they base adapted to cooperate with the *vapor distributing head, the latter being provided with an improved vapor distributing plate or element whereby the vapor or gaseous fuel is distributed to produce an extensive and intensive iame from the burner;

A still further object is the provision of improved liquid fuel feeding and distribut-` ingmechanism, together with simple and eiiicient means for initially heating the retort. Y

VA still further object is the provision of aliquid fuel'burner having its parts so ar-V ranged and disposed relative to each other as to permit of ready assemblage or disassemblage for cleaning or repair.

A still further object is the provision of an improved, heating burner admirably adapted for use in heating stoves, the superposed retort being adapted also to divert the flames from the burner outwardly and upwardly toward and along the walls of the fire box or stove in an eiiicient manner.

With Athe above mentioned and other ends in view, the invention consists in the novel construction, arrangement and combination of parts, hereinafter described, illustrated in one of its embodiments in the accompanying drawings and particularly pointedv out in the appended claims.

Referring to the drawings, forming a part ofthis' specification, Fi ure 1 is afrag-y mentary side elevation, part y in section, of they conventional form of heating stove equipped with alliquid fuel burner constructed in accordance with this invention. 'v

Fig'. 2,- an enlarged fragmentary side elevation, partly in section, of the improved burner, detached.

Similar numerals of reference designate e like partsthroughout all the iguresof the drawings.

The improved prises a suitable base surmounted, by a suitable burner plate, said base, in the present4 instance, comprising a flat disc shaped mem.

ber 1, lr provided with, an annular. inclinedl wall portion 13,-said wall, in theV presentinstance, terminating in a flange 1", forming' an opening 1. For convenience in `assembling and disassembling for. inspection or repair, the base is made of the separate parts land 1a and the opening 1c is closed or covered by vthe disc. shaped burner plate 2. The burner plate 2 may be of any suitable and`,convenient construction andin the present instanceit is provided with aseries of relatively thin slot openings 2", through which the subjacent vapor in the vapor chamber is adapted to be fed to providea suitablev ame in the form of a series of correspondingly extending jets or ribbons of flame. .When the base and burnerplate are made separate, as shown, the burner may be sealed by means of suitable sealing material 2", and the lower joint between the annular vwall 1a and the base disc 1V. may likewise be sealedbyv means of suitablesealing material" 1d. When mounted in the base of the iire box' 3, of an ordinary stove the burneris mounted above the ash pit v3", as indicatedy most clearly l in Fig. 1 o f the draw- 1n s. v

'glhe base and the lire plate conjointly form an air mixing and vaporsupply chamber 4, for receiving the vapor generated in the retort, as hereinafter referred to. As a Y means of admitting air into the chamber 4.

to mix withor dilute the vapor and supportthecombustion through the openings in the burner plate, said base is Vprovided,

ing 1? being preferably threaded to remov- VIl() Yably receive and contain a central conduit or stem consisting, in'thepresent' instance, of an upper part or section 5, and a lower part or section 5a. The upper end of the conduit or stem is provided with a 'retort Y. 2 is 'preferably provided with a cup shaped portion 2c,rsurrounding the stem or conduit 5 and preferably supplied 'withv afilling of asbestos or other suitable material,{and as avmeans of supplying such filling material 2d 'with' liquid fuel, the cup 2 is placed in communication with a liquid fuel supply pipe 7, leading outwardly and upwardly andadapted to be controlled by mea-ns of a Y valve' 7a, leading to ar branch head 7b', communicating with a comm'onsupply pipe 8,

leading to a suitable tank or reservoir, the common supply pipe being provided with a sleeve 9, provided with a sight opening 9a', for observing the feeding of the oil. Y

As a means of supplying the retort with liquid fuel, a second feed orl supply pipe l0," isl provided, .the -upper end ofthe feed pipeY 1Q within the retort and just above the `base member 6-. beingpreferably bent outj Vwardly and downwardly as at 10a, to initially supply the annular channel 6b, said second pipe extending downwardly throughl the`V conduit stem and thence outwardly and being provided with a control valve 10b, likewise communicating with the branch head 7*. After the retort sufficiently heatedV to vaporize any liquid fuel 'introduced therein, it will be apparent that the vapor will be fed downwardly through the vapor supply'stem, and as a means of uniformly vand properly distributing thevapor, the lower end ofthe stem is provided with aV vapor supply head 5b, said head, in the present instance beingprovided with outwardly extending` ports 5c, and as a means of distributing the vaporoutwardly ,with-V in the Chamber and to mix with the incoming air supply through the openings le, said supplyihead is preferably provided with a spreader plate 5d. Ifdesired, the spreader plate 5d may be provided with a series o-f openings 5e. As a means of preventing any baclriash of the flames on the burner plate as wellv as more evenly and uniformly distributing the. vapor to the openings inthe burner plate, a wire gauze or screen l1 is preferably mounted within the underside of thel burner plate, as shown most clearly in Fig. 2 of the drawings.

Having thus described one of ments of my invention, without having attempted to set VforthV all the forms in which it may be made, orl all the modes of its use,

the embodi-V what I claim'and desire to secure byLet- Y ters Patent is,-;

l. A liquid fuel burner, comprising a re# movable 'vapor supplyV stem terminatingin a two-'part retort, a burner plate provided with'a.` baserandV conjointly with the latter forming a vapor supply chamber, said base f having an air supply opening below said vapor supply stem, and a vaporsupply head on said vapor supply stem above V.said air supply opening ofl said base. Y

2. 'A liquid fuel burner, comprising` a two-part retort providedrwitha subjacent conduit stem, a burner plate provided with a separate'base and conjointly with the latter forming a vapor supply chamber, said base being provided with an air 'supply Y vport below said conduitstem, and a vapo-r Vsupply head and spreader plate carried by said`conduitus'tem above said central kair supply opening of said base. l

3. ,Aliquid fuel burner, comprising a retort' .provided with a Ysubjacent conduit stem, a burner,plate'providedfwith a base 'asv and conjointly therewith forming an air Y mixing and Yvapor supply Lchambenrsaid base being pro-vided with aV central air sup-` plyxopening below said conduit stem, and la vapor supply vhead carried by said conduit stem in said air mixing and vapor. supply chamber above said central air supply openz ing of saidbase. l.

4.v A liquid fuel burner, comprising afuel and Vapor supply stem terminatingV in; a retort, a burner plate provided with abase conjointly therewith forming a vaporfsup-r *i plychamber and having la central air supply opening below said fuel and vapor supply stem, a vapor supply head gn said fuel and vapor supply stem above said air supe' ply Vopening Vof said base, 'and Va vapor spreader disc plate'above said opening 'and vaporsupply head and below said burner plate. Y Y Y y Y 5. A liquid fuel burner, comprisingV a base provided with a burner plate and con-v jointly therewith forming a vapor supply chamber, said base being provided with a c central air inlet opening, a conduitstem eX- tending upward above said burner plate and provided with a retort, a vapor distributing head above said air inlet opening, .means for supplying liquid fuel to said retort, and Y means beneath said burner plate .for preventing back fire from said burner plate into said supply chamber.V A Y (SQA, liquid fuel burner, comprising a burner plate provided with. a central opening, a base connected -to and supporting Said burner plate and having a central air supply opening below said opening of said burner plate, a stem in said opening of said burner plate and projecting above the latter terminating in a retort, said stem treminating at its lower end in a vapor supply head and a vapor spreader plate arranged above said air supply opening of said base, and an oil supply pipe extending upwardly through the conduit stem to distribute the oil Within said retort.

7. A liquid fuel burner, comprising an air and vapor supply chamber provided at its top with a burner plate and at its bottom with a central air inlet opening, a t-ubular stem extending through the central portion of said burner plate terminating at its top in a retort surmounting said burner plate, said tubular stem terminating at its base in a vapor supply head above said air inlet opening of said base, a liquid fue] supply pipe extending through said stem and terminating in said retort, and a priming o up in said burner plate below said retort and provided with a priming conduit pipe.

In testimony whereof I have ailixed my signature.

FRANK A. HIGGINS. 

